ISSUES- Climate
Change & - Cancer
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Table 1.
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Proportion |
Percent |
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Chemicals tested in both rats and micea |
350/590 |
(59%) |
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Naturally-occurring chemicals |
79/139 |
(57%) |
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Synthetic chemicals |
271/451 |
(60%) |
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Chemicals tested in rats and/or micea |
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Chemicals in Carcinogenic Potency Database |
702/1348 |
(52%) |
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Natural pesticides |
37/71 |
(52%) |
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Mold toxins |
14/23 |
(61%) |
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Chemicals in roasted coffee |
21/30 |
(70%) |
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Innes negative chemicals retesteda,b |
17/34 |
(50%) |
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Physician's Desk Reference (PDR): |
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Drugs with reported cancer testsc |
117/241 |
(49%) |
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FDA database of drug submissionsd |
125/282 |
(44%) |
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GreenBalance note: How to read
this table?
The Proportion column gives the number of chemicals that was found to cause
cancer in high animal dose tests, followed by the number of chemicals tested.
The Percent column gives the percentage of chemicals that was found to cause
cancer in high animal dose tests.
a From the Carcinogenic Potency Database [1;3].
b The 1969 study by Innes et al [90] is frequently cited as evidence that the
proportion of carcinogens is low, as only 9% of 119 chemicals tested (primarily
pesticides) were positive. However, these tests, which were only in mice
with few animals per group, lacked the power of modern tests. Of the 34 Innes
negative chemicals that have been retested using modern protocols: 16 were
positive.
c Davies and Monro [91].
d Contrera et al. [92]. 140 drugs are in both the FDA and PDR databases.
Article reprinted from Mutation Research Frontiers, 7 September 1999
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/ppps/pdf/ma_reding_annex2.pdf